Crusading armies unleashed a relentless holy war against the last Pagan societies in northern Europe, particularly in the Baltic Sea region between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries. Led by Catholic rulers, churchmen, and most importantly of all, the warrior monks of the Teutonic Order, they sought to expand Christendom through conquest and conversion. In the process they forged a new world with a profound legacy that resogates into the present. Aleksander Pulskowski, professor of medieval archaeology at the UK’s university of Reading, explores how the construction of castles and towns, and the introduction of new languages, technology, monetary economies, and … Continue reading Baltic crusades adapted by Nazi expansionism